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Hackberry

Celtis occidentalis

$ · BudgetHardwoodDomestic (North America)
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Hardness (Janka)
880 lbf
Workability
Good
Seasonal movement?
Medium
Type
Hardwood

Hardness

On the soft side; easy to work, but marks with hard use.

Pine
Cherry
Red Oak
Hard Maple
Hickory

Overview

A pale, ash-like wood that bends well and costs little. Spalts readily, which turners love. Not rot-resistant, so keep it indoors.

Commonly built

Appearance

Pale yellowish-grey to light brown, with a coarse, ring-porous grain much like ash. Often shows attractive spalting.

Recommended uses

Steam-bent partsFurnitureTurned objects (spalted)Boxes

Uses to avoid

Outdoor use

Similar species

Comparable on hardness, type, and workability, useful when this species isn't available.

Working notes

Works much like ash, good with sharp tools, steam-bends well. Prone to spalting and decay, so dry and store carefully. Glues and finishes well.

Wood movement

A 24-inch-wide flatsawn hackberry panel moves roughly 0.49 inch across a typical seasonal humidity swing (about 6% to 12% moisture content). Use the wood movement calculator to run your own board size and moisture range.

How much does Hackberry move? → See flatsawn vs. quartersawn figures and a worked example.

Common questions

How hard is Hackberry?

Hackberry has a Janka hardness of 880 lbf, a measure of how well it resists denting and wear.

Is Hackberry suitable for outdoor use?

Hackberry is best used indoors; it is not naturally suited to sustained outdoor or wet conditions.

How easy is Hackberry to work with?

Hackberry has Good workability for cutting, shaping, and joinery.

How much does Hackberry move seasonally?

A 24-inch-wide flatsawn hackberry panel moves roughly 0.49 inch across a typical seasonal humidity swing (about 6% to 12% moisture content).

Finishing notes

Pale, even-textured wood that takes stain very readily and evenly, and is frequently stained to imitate ash or other ring-porous woods. Open grain benefits from filler for a smooth film finish. Prone to gray fungal staining if not dried promptly, but properly dried stock finishes cleanly and predictably. A cooperative, forgiving wood to finish.

Community photos

Real photos from woodworkers who've used hackberry, reviewed before they appear here.

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Wood data varies by source and sample. How we source and review our data.