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White Fir

Abies concolor

$ · BudgetSoftwoodDomestic (Western US)
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Hardness (Janka)
480 lbf
Workability
Good
Seasonal movement?
Small
Type
Softwood

Hardness

Very soft, dents easily; great for carving, poor for floors.

Pine
Cherry
Red Oak
Hard Maple
Hickory

Overview

A pale, odorless, lightweight construction softwood, often bundled as 'white woods' or 'SPF.' Inexpensive and easy to handle, but weak and decay-prone, strictly indoor utility.

Commonly built

Appearance

Nearly white to pale tan, with a fairly plain, straight grain and little contrast. Often somewhat knotty.

Recommended uses

FramingCrates and boxesPainted utility workShelving

Uses to avoid

Outdoor useFine furniture

Similar species

Comparable on hardness, type, and workability, useful when this species isn't available.

Working notes

Soft, light, and easy to cut; can be a little splintery or fuzzy. Odorless (unlike many firs). Low strength and poor decay resistance. Holds nails adequately. Takes paint better than stain.

Wood movement

A 24-inch-wide flatsawn white fir panel moves roughly 0.38 inch across a typical seasonal humidity swing (about 6% to 12% moisture content). Use the wood movement calculator to run your own board size and moisture range.

How much does White Fir move? → See flatsawn vs. quartersawn figures and a worked example.

Common questions

How hard is White Fir?

White Fir has a Janka hardness of 480 lbf, a measure of how well it resists denting and wear.

Is White Fir suitable for outdoor use?

White Fir is best used indoors; it is not naturally suited to sustained outdoor or wet conditions.

How easy is White Fir to work with?

White Fir has Good workability for cutting, shaping, and joinery.

How much does White Fir move seasonally?

A 24-inch-wide flatsawn white fir panel moves roughly 0.38 inch across a typical seasonal humidity swing (about 6% to 12% moisture content).

Community photos

Real photos from woodworkers who've used white fir, reviewed before they appear here.

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Wood data varies by source and sample. How we source and review our data.