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Live Oak

Quercus virginiana

$$ · ModerateHardwoodDomestic (North America)Outdoor-friendly
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Hardness (Janka)
2680 lbf
Workability
Fair
Seasonal movement?
Medium
Type
Hardwood

Hardness

Very hard; tough on tools but extremely wear-resistant.

Pine
Cherry
Red Oak
Hard Maple
Hickory

Overview

One of the hardest and heaviest North American oaks, historically prized for shipbuilding.

Commonly built

Appearance

Light to medium brown, similar in look to white oak but denser and heavier.

Recommended uses

Boat buildingTool handles

Uses to avoid

Large flat panels

Similar species

Comparable on hardness, type, and workability, useful when this species isn't available.

Working notes

Very dense for a domestic species, dulls blades faster than red or white oak. Limited commercial availability due to irregular growth form.

Wood movement

A 24-inch-wide flatsawn live oak panel moves roughly 0.53 inch across a typical seasonal humidity swing (about 6% to 12% moisture content). Use the wood movement calculator to run your own board size and moisture range.

How much does Live Oak move? → See flatsawn vs. quartersawn figures and a worked example.

Common questions

How hard is Live Oak?

Live Oak has a Janka hardness of 2680 lbf, a measure of how well it resists denting and wear.

Is Live Oak suitable for outdoor use?

Live Oak stands up reasonably well outdoors, especially with a protective finish and regular maintenance.

How easy is Live Oak to work with?

Live Oak has Fair workability for cutting, shaping, and joinery.

How much does Live Oak move seasonally?

A 24-inch-wide flatsawn live oak panel moves roughly 0.53 inch across a typical seasonal humidity swing (about 6% to 12% moisture content).

Finishing notes

Extremely dense and takes a fine polish, but its hardness and interlocked grain make finish penetration slower than with red or white oak. Tannin-rich like other oaks, so it reacts with water and iron; seal or use oil-based finishes to avoid dark blotches. Grain filling helps for a smooth film finish.

Community photos

Real photos from woodworkers who've used live oak, reviewed before they appear here.

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Wood data varies by source and sample. How we source and review our data.