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Butternut (White Walnut)

Juglans cinerea

$$ · ModerateHardwoodDomestic (North America)
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Hardness (Janka)
490 lbf
Workability
Excellent
Seasonal movement?
Small
Type
Hardwood

Hardness

Very soft, dents easily; great for carving, poor for floors.

Pine
Cherry
Red Oak
Hard Maple
Hickory

Overview

Walnut's soft, pale cousin, buttery to carve and warmly colored. A carver's favorite, though too soft for hard-wearing surfaces.

Commonly built

Appearance

Light tan to golden-brown with a satiny luster and a coarse but attractive grain resembling a washed-out walnut.

Recommended uses

CarvingFurnitureInterior trimBoxes

Uses to avoid

FlooringHigh-wear surfaces

Similar species

Comparable on hardness, type, and workability, useful when this species isn't available.

Working notes

Soft and exceptionally easy to carve and work with any tool. Takes detail well. Too soft for floors or surfaces that take abuse. Glues and finishes beautifully.

Wood movement

A 24-inch-wide flatsawn butternut (white walnut) panel moves roughly 0.35 inch across a typical seasonal humidity swing (about 6% to 12% moisture content). Use the wood movement calculator to run your own board size and moisture range.

How much does Butternut (White Walnut) move? → See flatsawn vs. quartersawn figures and a worked example.

Common questions

How hard is Butternut (White Walnut)?

Butternut (White Walnut) has a Janka hardness of 490 lbf, a measure of how well it resists denting and wear.

Is Butternut (White Walnut) suitable for outdoor use?

Butternut (White Walnut) is best used indoors; it is not naturally suited to sustained outdoor or wet conditions.

How easy is Butternut (White Walnut) to work with?

Butternut (White Walnut) has Excellent workability for cutting, shaping, and joinery.

How much does Butternut (White Walnut) move seasonally?

A 24-inch-wide flatsawn butternut (white walnut) panel moves roughly 0.35 inch across a typical seasonal humidity swing (about 6% to 12% moisture content).

Finishing notes

Walnut's soft, pale cousin: works and finishes easily and its light golden-brown tone glows under a clear oil finish, no stain needed. Somewhat open, coarse grain can be filled for a smooth film finish or left for a more natural look. Soft enough that it dents, so a protective film finish helps on surfaces that see wear. A favorite carving and relief wood that takes finish kindly.

Community photos

Real photos from woodworkers who've used butternut (white walnut), reviewed before they appear here.

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Wood data varies by source and sample. How we source and review our data.